i reread this quote . i have agm mk and the charger standing upward . what is the consequence of too high float.
A correctly charged battery only needs 2 stages, and no float. But 99% of chargers stop stage 2 (CV at 14.1 for gel, 14.5 or 6 for AGM) WAY too soon. Why? Because they are a one size fits all, dont have the accuracy or ability to measure low termination currents etc and because they are cheap and cheerful...
A GOOD charger like the PL8 can be manually configured to end charge at around 1000th of the capacity in Ah, so a 70Ah battery would end charge when the charge current, naturally fell to 70A. or 8 to 10 hours at CV. But cheap mobility chargers dont. They stop way too soon. And rely on a low voltage float to complete the charge.
So then they REDUCE voltage to a float level. What is float level? Its the natural voltage of a 101% charged battery. Typically 13.4V per battery. At this voltage the battery voltage and the chargers float voltage match at 100% charged. At this point no current can flow as both battery and charger are now at the same voltage. And so at the CORRECT votage there is no charging going on once the battery reached FULL. But at this lower float voltage this takes a very very long time. And its obviously safe to leave it connected indefinitely.
In order to speed this up a higher voltage like 13.6V is used. This is also safe for up to a week or two. Because while its faster to top up that last 1 or 2 percent, its still not enough that any significant current still flows once full.
Some chargers have float at 13.8V. This is only safe for around 1 to 2 days. But completes the charge faster.
i imagine that overcharging has bad consequences. At the same time you advice to plug for 16 20 hours daily if possible even if i use only 5 pourcent. I dont quite understand why. it would lead to overcharging wouldnt it ? Could you explain me thanks
The only way to OVERCHARGE a lead battery is to leave it on charge for more than 12 hours. Charge means CV voltage. So 14.1 (28.2V) FOR GEL and 14.6V for AGM.
You CANNOT overcharge a lead battery on its correct float voltage.
13.3 to 13.4V is not only safe but the BEST way to store batteries long periods.
13.5 to 13.6 is what most chargers use for float. Because it tops off the battery and is safe at this voltage indefinitely. Although slightly less is better for long term storage.
13.7 to 13.8 is best to hurry up the charger to 100% but not good for longer than a few days.