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BM3 Powerchair
LATEST 2011 MK3 Version

Re: 15 MPH (24 KPH) FAST POWERCHAIR!

WHY its needed, & HOW its possible...

BM3 INFO: BM3 Home | BM3 Lithium battery | BM3 15 MPH | Charging Lithium | Construction detail | Roboteq controller

PDF document summary (printable file)

EARLIER VERSIONS:  BM1 Powerchair | BM2 Powerchair


Why?

Why do you need to go 15 mph in a power wheelchair?

Well you don't actually NEED to.  But:

I ask myself this every time I am freezing to death on the way back from the pub in winter, swearing to myself as I try not to actually die from exposure.

Or on the way back from the shops in winter which seems to take forever at slow current powerchair speeds.

At these times, 6mph, or 8 mph feels UNBEARABLY slow as your fingers go numb.

Or again when flying my model planes and helicopters I have to drive the full length of a deserted runway several times a day. Its endless at 6 mph!  Life is just too short!

And yet again, when I have no choice but to go on the roads to get past obstacles, areas with no footpaths or badly parked cars blocking the footpath, or groups of slow moving AB's, and I am stuck ON THE ROAD trying to find yet another non existent curb cut to get back off road and out of traffic danger.

Mixing it with busy traffic isn't my idea of safe!!!  At times like this 6 mph is positively dangerous.  Stuff the rules!

I am not getting killed to please some official beurocrat that has never even used a powerchair. The law says 4mph on footpaths. 8 mph on roads is "legal" for a powerchair. And I would only exceed these for reasons of safety or on private property. As such it will have a 4mph setting too! For indoor and public footpath/shopping areas.

15 MPH speed is important when I am crossing a busy intersection and finding myself racing the cars/lights and then trying to find a way back on to the footpath on the opposite side! The more speed you have at these times the better and safer for all.

And its also important to be fast enough to get out of the way when a truck or some myopic old woman is trying to reverse over you in a car park! This kind of scenario happens all too often.  Speed and acceleration is essential to me, making my life easier as well as much safer. Power, speed and control in the right hands enhances user safety, makes journeys seem shorter, allows my dog to run, makes airfields, large markets, trips into town etc all seem seem less daunting. And its fun.

  
  
How?

Speed increases on a "normal" powerchair just mean taller gearing. So on the face of it, its "easy" to make a chair faster.  

Increasing gearing though unfortunately means more battery amps are used up.  And very quickly, even when moving around slowly indoors. Double the top speed of a powerchair and you double the energy used ALL OF THE TIME even at slow speeds. And the usual heavy Lead (gel) batteries have none to spare as it is even at 6 MPH...

Consequently there are very few faster powerchairs than 6 mph. Even 8 mph powerchairs are slightly limited in both range and available torque
compared to their more practical 6mph versions.

Physics dictates that this is the case as long as the batteries don't change. And even fitting "bigger batteries" helps very little as you are adding to the huge weight too. Its horrible self defeating circle - and makes the powerchair physically bigger as well.

So how can I have a "sensible" ALL DAY LONG with GREAT RANGE, powerful, 15 mph powerchair? Its actually pretty easy!
Simple physics, higher voltage and lithium battery power.

If your existing powerchairs control system COULD accept 48 volts instead of its usual 24 volts (by having 4 batteries of half the size rather than your 2 big ones connected in series) your chairs torque, and its range at the same speed (6 mph) would not be affected. So you would get double the speed, and still have exactly the same slow speed performance without any torque or range loss.  Unfortunately it cant be done though - 48v will make much smoke come out of your control system!

IF it could use 48v (4 smaller half sized batteries) The controller could still deliver its maximum rated amps to the motors, (80A or 100A or whatever) and the battery current will now be exactly half its previous value since battery the voltage has doubled.  I could explain why that is but for now please trust me when I say its true!  (Simple terms -- Its because the controller uses a "pulse width" to control the max amps/volts to the motors.  So for all intents and purposes nothing has changed. At least as long as you stay below the 6mph. (other than slightly better efficiency).

Except that now the chair will actually go twice as fast at say 12 mph instead should you so wish!  Now that 12 mph speed will use slightly more power but not much.  But you have no loss of torque or range at the slower 6 mph. In fact you may gain some torque.

But at the low speeds we are talking about, it doesn't take much more power to go faster as long as the same motors/gearing are still used. And of course at twice the speed you get there in half the time. So just by doubling the voltage we can now have our cake and eat it!  I don't believe in a free lunch either. 

So what's really happening?  Simple! The controller and higher voltage are working together effectively as a reduction gearbox at the lower speeds. Huge efficiency gains for practically nothing.  So you get free extra speed! Sounds "wrong" but its not!  Its just simple physics.

 


Shame then, that the powerchair industry "sheep" have not figured this out. They are still stuck in the 24v lead acid "gel" battery slow lane.

So my new BM MK3 CHAIR, by taking a set of 8.5 mph motors (in my case from the existing "Groove" powerchair) and running them on a 43v 13 cell Lithium battery will be 15 MPH capable.

With a bigger Amp/volt controller - The Roboteq 150 Amp per channel (300 Amp 500A Peak) Controller.  Then I can have 8.5 mph multiplied by Two! On double the voltage. So almost double the speed of the Groove 8.5 mph motors it is using.

This works out at exactly 15.2 mph. With no range penalty at all even on the stock battery Watt Hour capacity, or torque penalty at the slower speeds. In fact there are some gains in efficiency as speed increases. And some more due to higher voltages.

But I want lots MORE torque than a stock 8.5 mph powerchair ever had!  Why? Because they are frankly useless! No problem though. The Roboteq and its very high Amp and double voltage capability will give me that in spades... Enough to plough a field or tow a truck.

And more range! No problem, the 3000 + watt hours in the Lithium battery will give me around DOUBLE to THREE TIMES the range of a set of standard heavy group 24 Gel batteries. And with 4 to 5 times the cycle life. I expect a 7 to 10 year MINIMUM battery life compared to the realistic 1 to 2 years I get now... 

And with just half the weight. I will say that again.  Half the weight!  That alone will improve climbing, range, off road ability. But they are not cheap! See the battery page. here Lithium battery

The manufacturers are really not trying as you can see. They get their money far too easily. 

TO BE UPDATED DURING BUILD regularly!

 



BM3 INFO
: BM3 Home | BM3 Lithium battery | BM3 15 MPH | 
Charging Lithium | Construction detail | Roboteq controller

PDF document summary (printable file)

EARLIER VERSIONS:  BM1 Powerchair | BM2 Powerchair
 


What's the purpose of the pages about the MK3 chair and the earlier MK1 and MK2 chairs since I don't sell them? To embarrass the manufacturers into getting with the show, and doing some real development work. And to show other wheelchair users especially Paraplegics like me, what is possible. As such there are others now doing the same or similar, many are members of my Message board.

Some related pages:

Electrics

 

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Previous earlier versions of this chair:

More powerchair stuff here:

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